Oiled paper umbrella originated from the Warring States period, is our country most ancient main rain gear, and to be used until pre-liberation and the initial period. Luban’s wife Yun’s designed and made the umbrella, she got the inspiration from the pavilion, which built in the garden, the scenic resort or be used to take shelter from the rain for the tourists. The Prime minister of Song Dynasty Ma tingLuan(a son-in-law of Zhang's in Jialu village), he brought an oiled paper umbrella from the national capital. Since then, the clever Jialu people unceasingly improved the skill, passed it on from generation to generation and made the fame. The Jialu umbrella won the gold price in the “International Product Exposition” in 1936. The manufacture technique is plain, the model is elegant, the structural configuration is reasonable, the materials is unique and scientific; The umbrella cover inscribes poem or paintings, expresses feelings and full of of Wuyuan “the book township” character.
The working procedure are all handicraft, the materials are unique and elegant. At present only three near eighty-year- old artists can imparted the skill. Most of the raw material is scarce, in which oil persimmon tree is in endangered status and need to be imperatively rescued and protected.
The main procedure is: to cut the umbrella skeleton - - to saw the calabash head- - to combine umbrella-stand - - to boil and expose the umbrella-stand - - to install the umbrella key - - to mount the paper - - to paint on the umbrella cover - - to fold the umbrella page- - to paint tung oil - - to pass the thread - - to put on the handle - - to knot top.
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The raw material needs to be manual cultivated, and can be used only in special processing. The umbrella cover is made of the leather paper, the quality of material is pliable and thin but hard to break, the textile fiber interlocks evenly, the paper-making skill is passed on from generation to generation by Yuankou Village, the main material of the paper is the leatheroid tree, the popular name “the bird skin tree”, people can cut it in all the year, it’s the wild plant, but the quantity is small. Furthermore, the oil persimmon tree is an variation of the persimmon tree, it blossoms in the early summer and bears the fruits in the end of the summer, the fruit is golden yellow, smaller than the edible persimmon, the taste is extremely astringent, the juice of the extraction is the “the persimmon oil”, is specially used to mount the umbrella. Oil persimmon tree is mainly manual cultivated, results after ten to twelve years. In the 1980s, there are about 100 trees, at present only left less than 10. Because its fruit taste is extremely astringent, and only supplies the persimmon oil, so the left one has the possibility to be cut over. And another oil is also processed with primitive skill for. Here mentioned the tung tree, another name is “three year tung oil tree”, it blossoms in the early of the summer, and could be picked the fruits after the beginning of winter. The seed contains the emulsion; the oil of the extraction is the “tung oil”. Tung tree is also manual cultivated, and have the harvest two years later, but must replant after five years, at present we can find few tung tree in the remote north of Wuyuan County, Simultaneously the necessary material bamboo and water bamboo (mainly be used for the handle of the umbrella”), Wuyuan has rich bamboo material and could be cut after three to five years, but short of water bamboo. |